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Session 3: LangGraph Multi-Agent Workflows - Test Solutions

📝 Multiple Choice Test

Question 1: LangGraph Advantages

What is the primary advantage of LangGraph over sequential LangChain agents?

A) Better performance
B) Lower cost
C) Graph-based workflows with conditional routing and parallel execution ✅
D) Simpler implementation
Correct Answer: C) Graph-based workflows with conditional routing and parallel execution

Explanation: LangGraph's graph-based architecture enables sophisticated workflows with conditional routing, parallel execution, and dynamic flow control, far beyond the sequential limitations of traditional agent chains.

Question 2: State Management Component

In LangGraph, what component defines the data that flows between nodes?

A) State (TypedDict) ✅
B) Edges
C) Memory
D) Tools
Correct Answer: A) State (TypedDict)

Explanation: State in LangGraph is defined using TypedDict, providing a structured, type-safe way to define what data flows between nodes and how it's updated throughout the workflow.

Question 3: Flow Determination

What determines the flow between nodes in a LangGraph workflow?

A) Random selection
B) User input
C) Sequential execution only
D) Conditional edges and decision functions ✅
Correct Answer: D) Conditional edges and decision functions

Explanation: LangGraph uses conditional edges with decision functions that examine the current state and determine which node to execute next, enabling dynamic and intelligent workflow routing.

Question 4: Parallel Execution Handling

How does LangGraph handle parallel agent execution?

A) Through parallel nodes with state merging ✅
B) It doesn't support parallel execution
C) Through external orchestration
D) Using threading only
Correct Answer: A) Through parallel nodes with state merging

Explanation: LangGraph supports parallel execution through parallel nodes that can run simultaneously, with their outputs automatically merged into the shared state for downstream processing.

Question 5: State Updates

What happens when a LangGraph node updates state?

A) State is reset to default
B) The entire state is replaced
C) Previous state is archived
D) Only specified fields are updated/merged ✅
Correct Answer: D) Only specified fields are updated/merged

Explanation: LangGraph uses state merging where nodes only update the specific fields they return, preserving other state data and enabling incremental workflow progress.

Question 6: Debate Pattern Termination

In the debate pattern, what determines when the debate ends?

A) Fixed number of rounds
B) User intervention
C) Consensus score and maximum iterations ✅
D) Random timing
Correct Answer: C) Consensus score and maximum iterations

Explanation: The debate pattern uses a consensus scoring mechanism combined with maximum iteration limits to determine when agents have reached sufficient agreement or when the debate should terminate.

Question 7: Decision Function Purpose

What is the purpose of a decision function in conditional edges?

A) To manage memory
B) To handle errors
C) To process user input
D) To examine state and determine next node ✅
Correct Answer: D) To examine state and determine next node

Explanation: Decision functions in conditional edges examine the current workflow state and use that information to intelligently determine which node should be executed next in the graph.

Question 8: Hierarchical Team Coordination

How does the hierarchical team pattern coordinate work?

A) Random task assignment
B) All agents work independently
C) Workers communicate directly
D) A supervisor routes tasks to specialized workers ✅
Correct Answer: D) A supervisor routes tasks to specialized workers

Explanation: The hierarchical team pattern uses a supervisor agent that analyzes tasks, routes them to appropriate specialized worker agents, and coordinates their collaboration.

Question 9: Circuit Breaker Pattern Usage

What is the circuit breaker pattern used for?

A) Stopping workflows manually
B) Optimizing performance
C) Managing memory usage
D) Preventing cascade failures from unreliable services ✅
Correct Answer: D) Preventing cascade failures from unreliable services

Explanation: The circuit breaker pattern prevents cascade failures by monitoring service reliability and temporarily disabling calls to failing services, allowing workflows to degrade gracefully.

Question 10: Parallel Branch Synchronization

In parallel execution, when should branches be synchronized?

A) Only at the end of the workflow
B) Never - they should be independent
C) At random intervals
D) When downstream nodes need data from multiple branches ✅
Correct Answer: D) When downstream nodes need data from multiple branches

Explanation: Parallel branches should be synchronized when downstream processing requires data from multiple branches, ensuring all necessary information is available before proceeding.

Performance Scoring

  • 10/10 Correct: Excellent mastery of LangGraph workflows and multi-agent patterns
  • 8-9 Correct: Good understanding with minor conceptual gaps
  • 6-7 Correct: Adequate grasp, review specific patterns and state management
  • 4-5 Correct: Needs focused study of graph-based workflows
  • 0-3 Correct: Recommend hands-on practice with LangGraph implementations

Key Concepts Review

LangGraph Core Architecture

  1. Graph Structure: Nodes (processing) and edges (flow control) with state management
  2. State Management: TypedDict-based state with field-level updates and merging
  3. Conditional Routing: Decision functions that examine state to determine flow
  4. Parallel Execution: Concurrent node processing with automatic state merging

Advanced Workflow Patterns

  • Debate Pattern: Multi-agent consensus with scoring and iteration limits
  • Hierarchical Teams: Supervisor-worker coordination with task routing
  • Circuit Breaker: Failure prevention and graceful degradation
  • Quality Control: Multi-stage validation with feedback loops

State and Flow Management

  • State Updates: Incremental field updates preserve existing data
  • Conditional Edges: Dynamic routing based on state examination
  • Parallel Synchronization: Coordinated execution when branches need integration
  • Error Handling: Robust failure recovery with alternative paths

Production Considerations

  • Scalability: Parallel processing and distributed execution
  • Reliability: Circuit breakers and error recovery patterns
  • Monitoring: State inspection and workflow observability
  • Performance: Optimized state merging and conditional routing

Answer Summary

  1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. B

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